Gender Physiognomies at The Center of SACCOS and Informal Groups for Women’s Financial Inclusion in Kenya

Abstract

Research shows that more women (6%) than men (3.2%) access financial resources through informal channels, widening the gender gap in financial access (FinAccess, 2021). In SACCOS, only 34.23% of members are women, compared to 60.65% men (SASRA, 2019). This study investigates why women prefer informal groups, like chamas, over SACCOS, examining the role of gender-specific social networks. It hypothesizes that women experience stronger social ties in chamas, leading to higher participation. Using a mixed methods approach, the study collected qualitative data via focus groups and interviews with local leaders, then conducted a quantitative survey with 1,349 respondents across Kisii, Machakos, and Nandi counties. Findings reveal that chamas foster stronger trust, goodwill, and closeness than SACCOS, while women face cultural and resource barriers to joining both. Recommendations include developing SACCOS products better suited to women’s needs and creating pathways for chama members to transition smoothly into SACCOS membership.